Zero-sum game
A situation in which the total gain or loss of all participants is zero, so one person's gain is balanced by another's loss.
Zero-based budgeting
A budgeting method in which all expenses must be justified for each new period, rather than using the previous period's expenses as a starting point.
Zero-coupon swap
A financial derivative in which two parties exchange a series of cash flows, with one party paying a fixed interest rate and the other paying a floating rate.
Zero-based pricing
A pricing strategy that starts with the cost of goods or services and adds a profit margin, rather than setting a price and then calculating the cost.
Zero-cost collar
An options strategy that involves selling a call option and buying a put option at different strike prices, with the premium from the call option offsetting the cost of the put option.
Zero-sum budget
A budget in which all available funds are allocated and no money is left unspent or unused.
Zero-sum budgeting
A budgeting method that assumes all resources are limited and must be allocated among different activities or projects.
Z-score
A statistical measure used to evaluate the creditworthiness of a company or individual, based on their financial statements and other factors.
Zero-coupon bond
A financial instrument that does not pay periodic interest and is sold at a discount to its face value.
Zweig ratio
A financial ratio that compares the market value of a company's assets to the value of its liabilities.